What term describes enhanced memory performance on a test when the material has been tested previously?

What term describes enhanced memory performance on a test when the material has been tested previously?

• A. Testing effect
• B. Instrumentation threat
• C. Evaluation apprehension
• D. Standardised procedures

Answer: (A)

The testing effect describes enhanced memory performance on a test after the material has been tested previously. Retrieval practice during testing strengthens memory traces, improves encoding for later recall, and creates useful retrieval cues, which leads to better performance on subsequent assessments even if the material isn’t restudied. This is why prior testing boosts later memory more than just studying alone. Other terms refer to different issues: instrumentation threat involves changes in measurement tools, evaluation apprehension is anxiety about being judged, and standardized procedures are about consistent testing methods. Thus, the term that fits this scenario is the testing effect.

The testing effect describes enhanced memory performance on a test after the material has been tested previously. Retrieval practice during testing strengthens memory traces, improves encoding for later recall, and creates useful retrieval cues, which leads to better performance on subsequent assessments even if the material isn’t restudied. This is why prior testing boosts later memory more than just studying alone. Other terms refer to different issues: instrumentation threat involves changes in measurement tools, evaluation apprehension is anxiety about being judged, and standardized procedures are about consistent testing methods. Thus, the term that fits this scenario is the testing effect.